#2--What if the atomic bombs dropped on Japan were both duds?

The reason for the bombs not working was due to a fundamental misunderstanding of the physics of nuclear fission. The yield of the bombs and other reactions were incorrect and never matched their theoretical amounts. The atomic age, both in weapons and power, would never come to pass.

After several years of war the Allies do eventually win the Pacific Theater, however without the confidence of the demonstrated atomic weapons, the Allies split up the occupation of Japan as was done in Germany and Korea. The US, UK, China, and Russia divide the country resulting in decades of conflict in the area. In 1993 Japan and Korea unify after working together to remove their common capitalist and communist occupiers.

Due to the lack of a possible nuclear annihilation, conventional warfare continues on large scales. Instead of the relative stable borders of nations, countries continue to try and land grab into the 21st century.